Pay-As-You-Go Government: Inter-Generational Robbery


Monday April 30th, 2012   •   Posted by Burt Abrams at 11:04am PDT   •   11 Comments

Trumans watching President Johnson sign Medicare into law. @commons/wikimedia.org

Social Security (SS) and Medicare have unfunded liabilities of approximately $40 trillion dollars. In other words, if we are to make good on Social Security and Medicare promises while keeping tax rates at their current levels, we now should have amassed a $40 trillion trust account. Since this did not occur, major tax rate increases and/or cuts in benefits are coming. How did we get ourselves into this disastrous financial bind? The secret is in the political invention of “pay-as-you-go,” the ultimate “free lunch.” But with all free lunches, the bill eventually comes due. The story of pay-as-you-go and the arguments made in its behalf reveal a great deal about political motivation and why we get bad public policies.

SS and Medicare provide retirees with a substantial nest egg. A typical middle-income couple retiring at age 65 in 2011, for example, can expect over $900,000 in benefits from SS and Medicare during the course of their remaining years. Absent SS and Medicare, individuals would have had to save privately for their retirement and then, after retiring, to use their personal savings to pay expenses and high medical insurance costs. SS and Medicare allow the couple to save less, retire earlier, or just have much more financial security after retiring. Exactly how much less we saved as a result of these entitlement programs is subject to dispute, but the total amount is likely to be in the tens of trillions of dollars. Unfortunately, the taxes that workers paid into SS and Medicare were not saved. And here is where pay-as-you-go comes in. Instead of saving the taxes by investing in financial assets in behalf of workers, the government handed out the funds to millions of retirees who paid very little or next to nothing into the retirement plans. These individuals were the beneficiaries of trillions of dollars in undeserved and unwarranted government payouts that left the trust funds depleted. One famous case is that of Ida Fuller who retired in 1940 at age 65. Ida paid into Social Security only a total of twenty-two dollars, but her first monthly check from Social Security was for $22.54! Ida lived to be 100 and received tens of thousands of dollars in Social Security payments. This extraordinary payout to retirees made social Security extremely popular and widely hailed as a great success. But the true costs of the system are hidden: the government’s failure to save and invest social security taxes has de-capitalized the nation by trillions of dollars. Private-sector savings support investment in physical capital and create higher paying jobs. But pay-as-you-go exchanges government promises for private saving–promises of payments that come not from accumulated wealth but from taxes imposed on future workers. No savings means no capital accumulation and lower wages. Worse yet, the higher future taxes adversely affect work incentives and production.

The road to pay-as-you-go, like the road to hell, was paved with seemingly good intentions. Take Senator Arthur Vandenberg (R-MI) and his impassioned plea for pay-as you-go published in the Congressional Record on January 16, 1939. “A full reserve [for Social Security] is unnecessary…It is a colossal imposition…a monster…” Vandenberg reasoned that adopting pay-as-you-go would allow immediate payouts to persons nearing retirement (like Ida Fuller) and allow a delay in raising the necessary tax rate to make the program sustainable. Republicans particularly liked the delay in taxes, Democrats the immediate gifts to retirees. (Does any of this sound familiar?) Of course, delaying taxes and providing freebie benefits to oh-so grateful current voters was a vote-maximizing strategy for incumbents, but nothing short of inter-generational robbery.

Immediacs (see my earlier blog on Immediosis) in Washington won the day and pay-as-you-go became the law of the land. Immediate extraordinary benefits were paid out to persons who contributed very little to the fund and tax rates were temporarily held down. Politicians kicked the can down the road and a quarter century later in 1965, the popular pay-as-you-go Social Security program made pay-as-you-go a foregone conclusion for financing the new Medicare program. Bess and Harry Truman, who paid nothing into the system, received the first two Medicare cards. The bill for all the free lunches is now being delivered.

 



11 Responses to “Pay-As-You-Go Government: Inter-Generational Robbery”

  1. libertarian jerry says:

    Socialism(the welfare state) has bankrupted America. I think the majority of the American population will wake up one day soon and find that the “money” they counted on for Social Security retirement,because of inflation,will be worth next to nothing. In essence, the Social Security money that the retired people receive to buy their free lunch will barely buy a can of dog food.

  2. Don Levit says:

    It is not the current taxes that are paying the current beneficiaries that is the problem.
    Rather, it is the excess taxes which were supposed to be invested in special-issue Treasury securities, reserved exclusively for SS beneficiaries.
    Instead, these special Treasuries were not left intact, but handled like any regular run-of-the-mill Treasury: it was spent on real current expenses, lowered real deficits over the years, and left in its wake a phony trust fund; a hollow artifact of its former self.
    A real trust fund that represents a real store of wealth is simply liquidated into cash. Instead of liquidating the Treasury interest to make up for the cash shortfalls since 2010, new general revenues had to be used, increasing the deficits. This is all in the current Medicare trustees report. It also states that the trust fund can be growing at the same time these cash shortfalls are occurring.
    Don Levit

  3. Jerome Bigge says:

    And Obama’s “tax cut” to the payroll tax makes the problem even worse yet! Actually Social Security isn’t anywhere near as big a problem as is Medicare. Social Security costs are easy to predict since those who will benefit in the future from SS are already alive and their numbers are known. However in the case of Medicare the problem is utter and completely different! The USA has the world’s highest health care costs. We have the world’s highest paid doctors, the world’s most expensive hospitals, the world’s most expensive drugs produced by very profitable drug companies. Nor do we have “free market health care”. What we do have is a system where we have created a professional monopoly that is “immune” to the actions of the free market in controlling costs. Because doctors hold a legal government enforced monopoly over the supply of medicine, they are able to do “rent seeking” to a high degree. For example, assume you wish to control your blood pressure and your cholestrol. Using the prices Walmart charges, this would cost you $80 a year. I think most anyone could afford that! However, thanks to the government having given doctors a legal monopoly over the supply of medicine, you have to “purchase” their “permission” to buy medicine. The doctor therefore will insist on being paid for office visits, will insist on lab tests (called “spreading the wealth around), adding perhaps two to three hundred dollars additional to the $80 that you’d pay without prescription laws. This is one reason why we pay so much for medical care. Yes, the other countries have prescription laws (which adds to their own costs), but they control the doctor’s fee so that the cost is much lower. However without prescription laws even these countries could no doubt save considerable amounts of money. Proof again that Libertarian ideas of allowing the free market to operate can save money anywhere it is allowed to do so!

  4. Mikki says:

    Don’t forget, it just isn’t that people R living longer than expected when SS was first established. Lay part of the blame on Reagan & his congressional cohorts 4 ‘borrowing” from SS 2 use in the general fund with an “IOU” promise 2 pay it back. Where their ‘schemes’ didn’t work & they couldn’t pay it back, they should have been charged with fraud and/or theft.

    Add 2 it, those who have never paid into SS & drawing SSSI at the state level and should not be entitled 2 it. There is plenty of blame 2 go around but everyone keeps passing the buck. This wouldn’t have happened under Truman’s watch!

  5. Tom says:

    If a government produces and issues fiat currency then that same government cannot have “trust funds” that are funded by collecting and sequestering amounts of the same money. THE IDEA THAT ANY ACCUMULATION OF TREASURY NOTES AND/OR BONDS IS AN ACCUMULATION OF WORTH IS ASSININE IN THE EXTREME.

    Social Security and Medicare are not going broke.....They ARE BROKE and have been perpetually broke since their inception. They haven’t worked as intended simply because it is not possible to design a system that will work in a way that will achieve the intended goals and objectives when the cost of the benefits are routed back through The Treasury and then dumped out into the operating costs of the enterprises that are producing, distributing, transporting and selling the goods and services that are being purchased using the same money that the same enterprises are paying into the system in the form of payroll taxes.

    Goofiness is pervasive in Goofyville on the Potomac!

  6. Rebekah says:

    Until recently...the last 10 yrs or so, I always believed that SS and medicare were invested in annuities with good interest rates.... to increase the fund as more people retired and relied on their SS. Another problem I have is... those who could afford to save, and not having to live from paycheck to paycheck, and later have boatloads of monies... why should they not be willing to forgo what they don’t need? I’m against certain entitlements, but WTH happened to the annuities that were suppose to be safe for us? The first administration that used them for their other “pet” programs, should have to forgo any new programs until its ALL paid back in full. BTW...I am a senior citizen, who lived from paycheck to paycheck back then, and I am also an independent conservative against freebies, for those who refuse to make it on their own dime.

  7. Tom says:

    Very few people actually pay attention to the so-called “unfunded” liabilities because they represent debt against which no government bond has been issued.....although they still have to be paid for. The so-called Social Security “Trust Fund” is non-existent, containing nothing more than IOUs (actually: “UOU”s) that government accounts regularly classify as “assets”; an act that, if attempted by a private corporation, would land their executives in jail pronto. You pay $1.00 in social security “taxes”. Government then takes that dollar, for the general fund, and inserts an IOU for $1.00 and calls the transaction “even”. In effect, not only is your original $1.00 in taxes long gone from Social Security, but you’ve now been strapped with an additional $1.00 that has to be paid in taxes (assuming no interest on the bond) just to replace the original $1.00 that you paid in the first place. This whole naked Ponzi Scheme must be stopped immediately.

  8. Sharon says:

    This is EXACTLY what is happening with the public employee pensions. This country is so screwed. JUST the teachers’ pension fund alone is underfunded by $2 Trillion dollars...not to mention all the other countless public employees. This is what happens when you guarantee / promise a retired teacher $1.5 million dollars in penion benefits (or more, if she lives longer than the average age), and she ONLY contributed $70,000 dollars in the ENTIRE course of her teaching career. ANY money that the current teachers are putting into the fund, and ANY money that current tax payers are putting into the fund, is NOT even being invested...it’s going straight out the door to pay for current retired teachers. Property taxes aren’t even going to be raised high enough to cover this mess! And if they do, we’ll all be taxed out of our homes, AND! This is why programs are being cut out of schools because every year, the School Districts have to put more and more of a percentage of the total school’s salary into the bleeding pension fund. Talk about a ponzi scheme!

  9. Wild Bill says:

    Some of the early posters miss the point. Inflation (the printing of excessive amounts of unbacked currency) is a tax. It robs people who have savings accounts and similar investments. The original trust fund idea protected workers from such theft of their savings. The money from the RSDI insurance premiums would be invested prudently, protecting the funds from such theft. Unfortunately, the Trust Fund was stolen by Congress to fund “National Defense,” which isn’t that at all. Instead, the stolen money was used to fund corporate adventures elsewhere and, more recently, to fund the creation of a police state here at home. “Socialism (the welfare state)” has nothing to do with it. A handful of horror stories about senior citizens who weren’t forced to starve to death doesn’t matter. If the money had been invested prudently, the Trust Fund would own ABC or NBC and wouldn’t have a shortage of funds at all. Our nation’s largest “defense” contractor, General Electric, has been raking in profits like crazy. Much of our “defense contractors’” unjustifiable corporate profit goes to outrageous executive salaries. We need to exercise eminent domain and seize assets from some corporations, particularly those which do not operate in our national interest — banks and broadcasting networks.

  10. [...] Pay-As-You-Go Government: Inter-Generational Robbery, Burt Abrams (MyGovCost.org, 4/30/12) [...]

  11. [...] Pay-As-You-Go Government: Inter-Generational Robbery, Burt Abrams (MyGovCost.org, 4/30/12) [...]

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